I receive a lot of questions regarding the ACT and SAT tests: what they are, when best to take them, what it means for college admissions. While some schools are moving away from using standardized test scores for college admission, for most schools it is a big part of the college admission application. Not only is admissions connected to your score, but often times scholarships as well. A few extra points here and there can make a big difference.
For this article, I am not going to into the philosophy of the test and all the arguments for or against. The thing you should know is that they are necessary for most four-year universities. Two-year state or community colleges also will use it, but may have other tests you can take such as the Postsecondary Education Readiness Test (PERT).
Here are some basic questions I hear frequently.
1. Should I take one of these tests? Consider the path that you’re planning after high school to determine if you should take the ACT or SAT. While it may not be a requirement, depending on the school you’re attending, consider taking the long-term view when making the decision. You may be planning to attend a school or program that doesn’t require the ACT or SAT (some schools are even test optional), but your plans may change down the road and taking the tests in high school will be much easier than later in life.
2. What’s the difference between the ACT and the SAT tests? While the ACT and SAT are both standardized tests that can help you get into college, they do differ a bit from each other. The ACT is focused on achievement, measuring the bigger picture of what you’ve learned in school, while the SAT measures aptitude, testing your reasoning skills and verbal abilities. Check out the Princeton Review for more information on the two tests and their differences. My suggestion is to take both tests early on, see how those scores compare against what you need for the colleges you are considering, and then take the “better” score test again after more preparation. Unlike decades ago, universities have no preference on which test you take; they care about your highest score.
3. How do I prepare for the ACT/SAT? There are a number of different ways to prepare. Your school may offer test prep courses, and going private can often be extremely costly. This is one of the issues people have with the test. There are several good websites out there that can give you diagnostic tests, flashcards, practice tests, and overall guidance. Be careful of private tutors; make sure they are legitimate. Just because they charge a lot does not mean they are good or can get you results. On the other hand, there are certain strategies students can learn to be able to do better on the test. Knowing what the test makers are seeking for answers and shoring up some academic weaknesses could prove beneficial for students. Private tutors or computer programs often can help in this area. One suggestion is to take the test first and see how your student does as a baseline. On the second attempt have your child study on their own using some outside resources (online, book, at school, etc). If their scores are still not where they need to be, then on the third attempt consider some private, specialized tutoring to gain a few more points.
4. When should I take the test for the first time? Typically, students will take the ACT or SAT no later than spring of their 11th grade year. This is to strengthen your math, reading, and writing. However, some students start earlier to begin practicing, and sometimes it is needed for certain high school programs like dual enrollment.
5. How many times can I take the test? It’s generally advised to take the test no more than three times, to avoid raising red flags with admissions counselors. Prepare for the test as though you’re only going to take it one time, and do your best. If you’re not satisfied with your score, you can take it again.
6. What is the cost for the ACT and SAT tests? There are several price ranges: one includes the full test with the writing portion. I highly suggest you do both. There also is a late fee registration if you miss the regular deadline. ACT: $39.50; ACT with writing: $56.50; SAT: $43; SAT with essay: $54.40; SAT subject tests: $26 (to be taken if specific programs ask for it). If you qualify for free or reduced lunch, there are waivers for both tests. You may use two waivers. You will need to see your high school guidance counselor for this waiver. You also are entitled to waived application fees at some colleges and universities, so be sure to ask.
7. Should I send my scores directly to the college/university I am considering? It will ask you in the beginning part of the two tests if you want to send your scores to a college/university of your choice. At this point, it is free. However, you do not know how you will score, especially if it is your first time. My suggestion is to not send your scores the first time; after you feel more confident, and know approximately what you might get, then I would send it using the free service. If you decide not to do so, and send it later, you will have to pay. It’s $12 for ACT for each school, and the SAT is $11.25.
8. How do I sign up? ACT: actstudent.org, SAT: collegeboard.org. You will need your six digit school code. You select which date you want to take it and at which high school.
I hope this helps provide some basic background information on these tests. As a reminder, the ACT and SAT are just one aspect of your college admission; your recalculated GPA, courses taken, extracurriculars, and overall school success play a big part.
Amanda Sterk, Ed.D., is the director of Accelerated Programs at Florida Southwestern State College, where she works with students, parents, school counselors, and school districts to understand and participate in accelerated learning programs in SWFL. She is the founder of Unmaze.me, an online resource for colleges admissions, scholarships, and financial planning, and is the author of College UnMazed: Your Guide to the Florida College and University System. This article is reprinted with permission from the book, which is available on Unmaze.me and Amazon.com.